Abstract Background One of the most challenging tasks in wildlife conservation and management is clarifying which and how external and intrinsic factors influence wildlife demography and long-term viability. The wild population of the Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) has recovered to approximately 4400. and several reintroduction programs have been carried out in China. Japan and Korea. https://danddcollectiblers.shop/product-category/flame-module/